The susceptibility to moisture of BiBO is rather very low. Even so, users are encouraged to deliver dry problems for equally use and storage of BiBO to lengthen the life time. Drinking water condensation on crystal surfaces ought to be Unquestionably prevented at any time.
Additionally, it has a significant application in efficient generation of ultrabright entangled photons through blue pumped spontaneous parametric down conversions (SPDC).
Most of the regular nonlinear crystals like BBO, LBO, BiBO or KTP for frequency doubling, tripling and quadrupling of the basic laser radiation can be obtained from stock. Customer-particular Proportions and AR coatings may also be available at competitive price ranges.
Typically, the crystal materials must have a substantial optical transparency for all wavelengths associated �?such as, for pump, signal and idler within an optical parametric amplifier.
Also, it may be highly desirable to use a crystal product that may be critically stage-matched at place temperature because noncritical section matching typically will involve the operation on the crystal in a temperature-stabilized crystal oven. Nevertheless, the feasibility of crucial period matching could possibly be offered just for adequately superior peak powers.
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The selection on the best suited crystal substance for just a presented application is often far from trivial; it should involve the thing to consider of numerous factors. One example is, a high nonlinearity for frequency conversion of ultrashort pulses isn't going to support In case the interaction duration is strongly minimal by a sizable group velocity mismatch along with the reduced hurt threshold limitations the relevant optical intensities.
Operation of nonlinear crystals at temperatures underneath place temperature (to attain period matching) is usually problematic, as it check here may well result in condensation of drinking water around the crystal surfaces In case the bordering air is just not quite dry.
In the situation of ultrashort pulses the high group velocity mismatch enforces the usage of a shorter crystal, which calls for significant optical intensities for a offered conversion performance.
Crystals which can be non-critically period-matched inside a crystal oven may possibly show issues in the event the crystal temperature is modified also rapidly or way too often. Especially, anti-reflection coatings could be broken as a consequence of distinctive thermal enlargement coefficients with the associated supplies.
In lots of situations, a nonlinear crystal utilized for nonlinear frequency conversion has an extremely very long life time, that's for a longer time than that of The entire laser process. The crystal product is actually not modified all through Procedure. On the other hand, a diminished crystal lifetime can take place less than several situations:
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Optical crystals can exhibit unique varieties of optical nonlinearities, that may be utilized in several means:
Our crystals are Employed in a wide array of purposes, like different types of nonlinear frequency conversion and electro-optics, but will also quantum technological innovation.